The system on which the general system
of education in our country is based is the legacy of the British rule
in our sub-continent. It is the brain-child of a nation which still rules
our minds more than four decades after its departure. It was implemented
to achieve the mental servitude of the Muslim subjects and to gain their
affiliations. Sure enough, the objective has been more than achieved, as
each passing day merely strengthens this relationship between the victor
and the vanquished.
The system is based upon the negation
of any metaphysical explanation of the universe and upon the assertion
that man himself is capable of deciphering the complex code of his existence
without any assistance from his Creator. This is the underlying concept
upon which philosophy, science, sociology and other branches of knowledge
have evolved and developed in the West during the last two centuries, and
it still holds sway in contemporary Western thought. No doubt, not all
of the Western thinkers have denied God’s existence, yet it is a manifest
reality that all their views and thoughts are actually built upon His denial.
Quite naturally, the syllabus of these institutions upholds this concept.
The entire celestial cosmos is presented as a creation without a creator,
a scheme without a deviser, a book without an author -- a self-existent
and self-sustaining mechanistic reality. The fate of the universe is considered
to be in the hands of its inhabitants who carve out their own destiny and
shape their own future. All the bases and principles of law and politics,
economics and sociology are constituted by a human endeavour that looks
down upon any Divine Guidance in these disciplines. Human intellect on
its own seeks to solve the problems that face the world. The story of mankind
starts and ends with man himself and the concept of a God is granted no
place anywhere in it by this syllabus. It warrants that man is a material
entity who himself is the source of all concepts of truth and reality and
that nothing lies at the exterior of this space-time continuum. Consequently,
the graduates of these institutions become advocates of the view that life
can also be spent without having any relationship with God and all affairs
of life can be conducted without His Guidance. Overlooking changes at the
basic level and inducting Diniyyat as a compulsory subject in the syllabus
has made the situation even more ironical. Severe conflicts have arisen
in the minds of the students, regarding their religion and its relation
with their lives.
As a result, this system of education
has injected in our society a novel breed of men regarded as its intellectuals
and trend-setters. Whatever they say or write vouches for the fact that
the concepts of absolute truth can only be obtained from the West, but
the Qur’an can be regarded
as a sacred book if it is interpreted, modified and brought in accordance
with Western thoughts. Their characters have become an amalgam of ambiguity.
They do not deny God’s existence, yet consider regular vigilance in worship
a needless affair. They do not disclaim the Day of Judgement, yet are not
ready to sacrifice the paltry leisures of life for nobler causes. They
assent to the Prophethood of Muhammad (sws), yet consider his directives
outdated and inapplicable. The recital of the Qur’an might herald the start of their gatherings, but the promulgation of
its decrees in the constitution of their country weighs down heavily upon
them. Only a grim lesson can be sought from their contradictory personalities.
In short, the system has drained out the Islamic spirit from their mortal
remains and they present a sight most pathetic. Their lives are tuned with
the trends of the West and even the blood in their bodies seems to flow
after seeking permission from these sources of revelation.
The secular nature of the system has
not only produced an aversion from Islam within the minds of our elite,
but also has gone a long way in degenerating their characters, without
which no nation can thrive and prosper. It never envisages the real purpose
of educational institutions which are not just meant to impart knowledge
to the students, but a bigger objective is to breed and rear men of high
moral calibre in consonance with the ideology of a nation. This goal can
only be achieved if the mentors of these institutions are not only competent
in their own fields but are also devout Muslims who possess an impeccable
character and lead a chaste life. Undoubtedly, the most powerful influence
upon a child after the mother is the teacher’s personality. If he honestly
upholds a certain ideology and leads his life in accordance with it, his
pupils receive tremendous inspiration from him. No other way can be more
effective in building their characters. Woefully, this system never takes
this aspect into account. Courage and perseverance, valour and discretion,
discipline and steadfastness which were once the hallmarks of Muslims,
are now extinct commodities. The virtues of honesty and integrity, benevolence
and sincerity have become relics of the past. We seldom see any modesty
in their eyes, loftiness in their thoughts, and dignity in their behaviour.
What we often see is an immaculate mixture of dishonesty and pettiness,
a charming blend of arrogance and haughtiness, an exquisite combination
of perversity and corruption. We are breeding a nation that has been detached
from its glorious past, has become indifferent to its present and unconcerned
about a future which after all may not even exist. Thanks to this system
moral values are breathing their last and materialistic goals are being
regarded as the ultimate objective of life. To say the least, a scheme
more sinister could not have been contrived against us, as a nation.
Rectifying this system is no easy
job. It requires drastic measures that would extract it from its roots
and implant a new one in its place. We suggest the following steps in this
regard:
1. A uniform system of education should
be enforced in our country. Any diversity in nature, religious or non-religious,
and medium, Urdu or English should be eliminated.
2. Only teachers who are competent
in their fields and besides being staunch Muslims possess a deep concern
for Islam and this Ummah should be selected. Grooming the younger
generation should be their mission and producing exemplary people in the
society their primary responsibility.
3. The total period of education should
be divided into three levels: primary, secondary and a higher level. The
first of these should span over eight years, the second over four years
while the last level should extend over five years.
4. At the primary level, language
teaching should be the basic objective so that students attain high proficiency
in the languages in which they are to be instructed in various disciplines
and branches of learning. For this purpose, the Arabic, Urdu and English
languages should be taught in a manner that the students are able to freely
read, write and converse in these languages.
5. Since the subject of arithmetic
is essential for the teaching of science and other similar disciplines,
therefore it should be included in the teaching syllabus at the primary
level as is done so in the prevailing system.
6. To make the students aware of the
rich cultural and intellectual heritage of the Muslims and their customs
and traditions, a new subject by the name of ‘Islamic Tradition’ should
be introduced. The subject should be taught throughout the school period.
Within its syllabus should be included a depiction of the evolutionary
development of Islamic civilisation and culture in various ages, a delineation
of the important events of Islamic history, a portrayal of eminent Muslim
personalities and an anthology of the masterpieces of the Arabic and Persian
languages.
7. To provide useful entertainment
to the students and to develop creativity in them, the subject of ‘Fine
Arts’ should also be included at the primary level. The students should
be informally taught how to write through this subject and when the students
are able to write the alphabet, calligraphy and orthography should be inducted
in the syllabus of this subject.
8. Sciences and other subjects related
to it should be taught in English, while social studies and Islamic studies
should be taught in Urdu and Arabic respectively. Until the students are
able to understand and communicate in these languages, the above mentioned
subjects should be taught very informally. At the beginning of the ninth
class, subjects like science, literature, Diniyyat etc. which the students choose according to their inclination in order
to specialise in various fields should be introduced and these subjects
should continue to be taught till the twelfth class.
9. The Arabic language should basically
be taught to understand the Qur’an.
In the last two years of the secondary level, the students should study
the Qur’an piecemeal from the
beginning to the end. During this period, they must develop the general
understanding of the meaning and import of the Qur’an which a common Muslim must have.
10. To fulfil various needs of the
students, home economics, computer use, martial arts, repair of various
instruments should also be taught.
11. Every educational institution
should have a good library. Students should be urged to benefit from it.
All modern day educational aids should be extensively employed in these
pursuits. Students should be taught with the latest methodology tested
and tried at the global level and the present way of loading the students
with scores of text books and a lot of homework should be discontinued.
12. The higher level should only be
reserved for specialisation. This specialisation can be in Diniyyat,
medicine, engineering, sociology, physics, biology or any other subject
the students choose and the period of this specialisation should be five
years like that of medicine in the prevailing system. The existing mode
of specialisation in these subjects should be completely terminated.
13. All topics in various books should
begin with an elucidation of the Qur’anic point of view about these topics. Other details should be enlisted
in coherence with this point of view so that the relationship between the
knowledge obtained from the Qur’an and the knowledge acquired by means of rational inquiry and scientific
observation is clear in the minds of the students.
14. Teaching should be made the most
highly paid profession and teachers should be given more facilities than
any other professional. Teachers should not be allowed to impart tuition
to the students of their own schools.
15. Besides persuading the pundits
of the existing network of religious institutions to reform their set-up,
the government should establish under its own supervision higher level
religious educational institutions.
Scholars entrusted with the task of teaching
in these institutions should be specifically those who consider only
the Qur’an and Sunnah as
the source and basis of Islam and, as far as possible, practice what they
preach.
These scholars should be freely allowed
to form and express their opinions about the various matters and issues
of our religion, wherever and whenever they want to do so within the limits
set by the Qur’an and Sunnah
so that all distinguished scholars are provided with an opportunity
to lecture at these venues.
Only students who have passed their
intermediate should be admitted to these institutions, just as in the existing
system students enter medical and engineering institutions after passing
their intermediate examination.
The total period of education should
be five years. The Qur’an should
occupy the pivotal position in the syllabus. Students should be reared
with the notion that in the Qur’an rests the final authority, and it is the Qur’an
which rules over every matter in our religion. With this beacon in
hand, they should be made to explore the various domains of knowledge and
at every step seek its guidance. Every other subject taught, should merely
help the students in having a better understanding of the Qur’an.
Everything accepted in our religion should be rigorously scrutinised under
the light of this Divine Guidance. All basis of belief and faith should
be directly derived from this Word of God, which should be considered the
ultimate standard and authority for philosophy and ‘ilm-i-kalam,
fiqh and hadith,
literature and syntax. Students should be made aware that even the works
of great jurists like Abu Hanifah and Shafi‘i,
scholars of Hadith
like Bukhari and Muslim, scholastics like Ash‘ari
and Maturidi,
sufis like Junayd and Shibli must
be weighed in the scales of this Mizan,
and nothing can be accepted from them which is not in consonance with it.
Besides this, the basic emphasis should
be upon the disciplines of Arabic grammar and rhetoric, pre-Islamic Arabic
literature, usul-al-fiqh, hadith
and lslamic law. The students should just be made familiar with the
medieval trends and terminologies of philosophy and logic enabling them
to read the works written in the older diction. The essentials of modern
philosophy, psychology, economics, physics and political science should
be expounded to the students so that they are able to follow their methodology
of reasoning and have the capability to explicate, in contrast, the views
of the Qur’an and Sunnah.
The syllabus should also constitute an anthology of world literature which
will assist the students in developing a literary taste and in having some
idea about the delicacies of the sublime language of the Qur’an.
A comprehensive book upon the principles and bases of modern law should
also be part of the syllabus. All schools of fiqh should be taught
and students should be made to consider themselves the beneficiaries of
this vast heritage and also made to realise that any biased affiliation
in this regard is intolerable in the world of knowledge and learning. It
should be made clear to them that from this profound legacy of our scholars,
only material found in accordance with the Qur’an and Sunnah is acceptable and everything else stands rejected
without any hesitation whatsoever.
Besides these mental pursuits, the
character of the students should be moulded so that they profess a high
calibre of moral conduct. They should be made to spend sometime everyday
in the company of pious scholars, and urged to pay special attention to
the injunctions of the Qur’an and Hadith which
pertain to self-purification and character-building. They should be induced
to offer their utmost support (Nusrah)
and co-operation in furthering the cause of Islam, and also made conscious
of the fact that after being enlightened with the true understanding of
Islam it is their responsibility to urge and exhort the ruling class of
our country to follow the teachings of Islam, and as such in all their
undertakings and endeavours they must always keep in consideration this
responsibility.
(Translated from Ghamidi's "Burhan" by
Shehzad Saleem)
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